OSI Model
| OSI LAYER EXAMLPLE PROTOCOLS | |
| 7. APPLICATION LAYER | HTTP, FTP, IRC. SSH. DNS |
| 6. PRESENTATION LAYER | SSL, FTP, IMAP, SSH |
| 5. SESSION LAYER | VARIOUS API'S, SOCKETS |
| 4. TRANSPORT LAYER | TCP, UDP, ECN, SCTP. DCCP |
| 3. NETWORK LAYER | IP. IPSec, ICMP, IGMP |
| 2. DATA-LINK LAYER | Ethernet. SLIP, PPP, FDDI |
| 1. PHYSICAL LAYER | Coax, Fiber. Wireless |